Chapter 3: More Common
Tags
Paragraphs...
You will often use paragraphs in HTML, just as you do when
you write stories. The opening tag for a paragraph is
<p>, and the closing tag is
</p>. The closing tag for a paragraph is not
always needed, but I recommend using it anyway.
Example of a paragraph...
Bob starts to chase the chicken around. Bob trips over a
string and goes flying into the pig's mud pit! eww! What a
pity! <p>Bob starts to chase
the chicken around. Bob trips over a string and goes flying
into the pig's mud pit! eww! What a pity!</p>
Text Formatting
Properties...
If you had an entire web page without formatted text, it
would look rather dull and boring. This is why we
use text formatting tags. Some common text formatting tags
are:
<b> and </b> for
bold,
<i> and </i> for
italics,
<u> and </u> for
underlined, and
<tt> and </tt> for
typewriter.
Text Formatting Properties...Font
Tags
The <font size=n> and
</font> tags come in handy.
n is the number of font points by which to change
the size of the current font.
n can be positive or negative: a positive number
will increase the font size, and a negative number will
decrease it.
n can also be an absolute number, indicating an
absolute size for the font (not a relative size).
Example of font tags...
Bob is
a Cool
Guy isn't he?
<font size=+1>Bob</font>
<font size=+2>is</font> <font
size=+3>a</font> <font
size+2>Cool</font> <font
size=+1>Guy</font> isn't <font
size=-1>he?</font>
ALIGN
attributes...
Many tags support ALIGN attributes... if you want
something to be aligned from the left margin, from the
center, or from the right margin. The ALIGN
attribute is placed in the opening tag before the
>.
Left Align<h1 align=left>Left
Align</h1>
Center
Align<h1
align=center>Center
Align</h1>
Right Align<h1 align=right>Right
Align</h1>
The Line
Break...
When your HTML document is viewed, normally the text will
do a word-wrap at the end of a line. If you want to have
the text BREAK (go to another line) you will use the
<br> tag. This tag has no closing tag.
Example WITHOUT line Break...
Sentence One. Sentence Two. Sentence Three.
Sentence One.
Sentence Two.
Sentence Three.
Example WITH line Break...
Sentence One.
Sentence Two.
Sentence Three.
Sentence One.<br>
Sentence Two.<br>
Sentence Three.<br>
Preformatted
Text...
If you wish to have text line up properly (a.k.a. fixed
width text) that will include line breaks without the use
of the <br> you may find the
<pre> and </pre> tags
helpful.
Example of text WITHOUT preformatting...
The cat ran after the dog. ^ ^-verb ^noun ^-noun
The cat ran after the dog.
^ ^-verb ^noun
^-noun
HTML ignores the extra line breaks, so the text does not
line up properly.
Example of text WITH preformatting...
The cat ran after the dog.
^ ^-verb ^noun
^-noun
<pre>
The cat ran after the dog.
^ ^-verb ^noun
^-noun
</pre>
Your own HTML
page...
Add the following to your HTML page ("Home.htm"), between
the lines <body> and </body>:
<h1>YOURNAME's Home Page</h1>
<hr>
This is the home page of <b>YOURNAME</b>.
<p>Type something about yourself here. Describe
briefly who you are and what you do for a living. Remember
to use bold and italic text, for
emphasis.</p>
Save the text file as "Home.htm".
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